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Biofilm formation in probiotic cultures and its application in pharmacy
Ryšávka, Petr ; Obruča, Stanislav (referee) ; Vorlová, Lenka (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The work was comprehensively focused on the development of adhesive forms of probiotics in the form of a biofilm on combined carriers with a prebiotic component. The second part dealed with the influence of food on the multiplication and survival of selected types of probiotic bacteria. Subsequently, the effect of individualized probiotic supplements on changes in the human intestinal microbiome was monitored. Suitable adherent probiotic strains for biofilm formation were selected and tested. Methods have been introduced and different variants of carriers for culturing and binding bacteria have been tested. In vitro experiments verified the stability of biofilm stucture and its resistance to low pH, bile and antibiotics in comparison with the planktonic cell form. The antimicrobial effect of probiotic strains in the form of a biofilm was studied. The cultivation of the multispecies biofilm on the combined carrier was optimized and the stability of the biofilm and the final viability of probiotic bacteria were confirmed. Furthermore, the influence of various foods and beverages on the viability of probiotic bacteria was evaluated with emphasis on the simulation of passage through the gastrointestinal tract. Both models, solutions with standardised concentrations of alcohol, sugar, salts, proteins or different pH and different types of real foods and beverages were tested. The effect of food and beverages was tested on monocultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium breve and on probiotic capsules containing a mixed culture of probiotic microorganisms. The survival of probiotics in various food matrices in the simulated gastrointestinal tract was quantitatively different. We managed to define foods suitable for supporting the multiplication of probiotic bacteria. A separate part of the work was focused on the targeted modulation of the intestinal microbiome by individualized probiotics that were prepared on the basis of molecular biological analyzes of the intestinal microbiome aimed at detecting the percentage of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and phylum Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Personalized probiotic supplementation confirmed the positive effect of this approach on microbiome changes, especially on the increase of the content of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and the overall diversity of the microbiome.
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Mobile App for Monitoring the Condition of Bike Parts
Kotoun, Josef ; Kapinus, Michal (referee) ; Herout, Adam (advisor)
The thesis deals with the creation of a mobile application that allows to monitor the condition of bicycle components. The application is implemented in React Native, Firebase services are used for data storage and authentication. The resulting solution provides the user with the ability to record mileage and ride time for individual components and bikes, and to record the state of wear and services performed on components. Mileage and ride time are obtained from the ride records, which the user can enter manually using a form or sync with their Strava account. The resulting app is available on Google Play under the name Bike Components Manager.
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Fitness Map Application
Hrůza, Tomáš ; Drga, Jozef (referee) ; Rozman, Jaroslav (advisor)
As the world continues to evolve and expand, the need for modern solutions rapidly grows. Large portion of the population tends to keep track of their lifestyle which in turn provides an opportunity for companies to create many different fitness devices and applications. The goal of this bachelor's thesis is to provide a new kind of motivation to get out into the world, provided by yet another web application. However this application provides its user with motivation in the form of a minigame - the user travels through the world and the application then calculates the area he captures using a Voronoi diagram based on his route. Another feature the application provides is viewing your routes in a merged, averaged form. This comes in handy when the user would like to approximate his actual route over several different activities. The first part of this bachelor's thesis collects information about different commonly used fitness applications. Out of all those a web application called Strava was chosen as a base for collecting user data. The resulting web application connects to Strava using OAuth and retrieves routes the user has collected using the Strava mobile application. One of the last chapters focuses on describing the implementation details about used and created algorithms. It additionally contains description of scripts which were used to extract data out of OpenStreetMap database and calculate Voronoi regions based on them. To store and search through calculated regions, a MySQL database is used. The application is developed using modern frameworks and is heavily oriented around a comfortable user interface and responsive web design.
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Public health in terms of eating habits of adolescents
Duchoňová, Andrea ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Petr, Miroslav (referee)
5 Abstract Context: Healthy lifestyle promotion is an important long-time process for today's society. Nowadays, models and theories are developed to enhance public health. Objectives: Create a systematic review of theories and models based on healthy diet promotion. Methods: The Master Thesis consists of 5 independent systematic reviews. Particular studies were examined based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. A search was carried out of 2 electronic databases (PubMed and Web of Science) using following keywords - adolescence, eating habits, diet, nutrition a names of particular models/ theories. Results: 6 studies based on Health Belief Model, 8 based on Transtheoretical Model, 7 based on Social Ecological model, 8 based on Social cognitive model and 8 studies based on Nudge theory were included into the systematic review. Conclusion: Models and Theories are considered as successful ways to modify people's eating habits. More research within this area is needed due to wide diversity of healthy diet determinants. Keywords: diet, nutrition, healthy eating, adolescent, particular model/theory
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Lifestyle, diet and hardening and viral diseases
ČÍŽKOVÁ, Aneta
These topics will be more detailed discussed in the theoretical part, due to their importance in the lives of each of us. Among main topics, the work includes topics related to sleep, rational nutrition, exercise and more within factors that play a significant role in influencing people's health and their lives. In the practical part, the work already deals with cases from practice - everyday life of people. In this section, reader will learn how young people perceive the view of health and its support, and whether they themselves follow the principles of a healthy lifestyle and rational, healthy eating. As a part of the research, respondent's food menus are specifically analyzed, as well as frequency questionnaires mapping the people's diet, the lifestyle and the occurrence of diseases of these people. This work shows and compares the differences in lifestyle within the two investigated groups - people who are hardening and those who are not hardening. The detected shortcomings are discussed in more detail and there are also possible individual recommendations for individuals or the whole group that can be transferred to the wider public. These recommendations are in accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organization, medicine, or other experts in the field.
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Diet comparison of athletes from different types of gymnastics
Kudláčková, Tereza ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Petráková Doležalová, Radka (referee)
Gymnastics is an aesthetic sport in which the emphasis is placed on optimal physical appearance. However, this is often associated with maintaining an inadequately low body weight, which can have a negative impact on both health and sports performance. For some of its features, gymnastics is thus found to be one of the possible risk factors for eating disorders. When it comes to the teenage population of female athletes, the aforementioned issue becomes even more important. Teenage gymnasts between the ages of 15 and 18 from two gymnastic sports, rhythmic gymnastics and aerobic gymnastics, participated in the research carried out as part of this diploma thesis. The aim was to find out whether the diet of gymnasts differs depending on the different sports and whether these gymnasts consume food adequately both in terms of its quantity and quality. For this purpose, the gymnasts recorded their food intake, while the 4-day food records provided by 8 representatives of rhythmic gymnastics and 8 representatives of aerobic gymnastics were subsequently evaluated. Based on the average of 4 individual days data and comparing the results with the recommendations, it was found that the diet of the gymnasts was insufficient from an energy point of view. On average, the participants did not reach the...
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The physiological impact of digestive changes in geriatric patients and their impact on dietary and fluid intake
Krotilová, Martina ; Maruna, Pavel (advisor) ; Živný, Jan (referee)
Introduction: This bachelor thesis focuses on the aging process, physiological changes in the digestive tract, and the potential severe problems associated with advanced age that may impact diet and fluid intake. In the theoretical part, it summarizes the most important factors discussing old age and its related aspects. The practical part compares the theoretical research with the collected results from a questionnaire survey and laboratory blood tests. Aims: The main general aim of this thesis was to conduct a search of literature and scientific studies, and then to compare these findings with the data collected in the practical part. It was necessary to obtain the specific changes in the given sections of the digestive tract from the literature and research. The practical part included a questionnaire survey and the results of laboratory blood tests of geriatric patients to compare the diet of current versus younger age and, if necessary, to find out the reasons for the change. Methods: The quantitative questionnaire survey was realized between December 2022 and February 2023 in the Home for the Elderly, Prague 4 Háje and was completely anonymous. The target group were individuals from the elderly population. The questionnaire was based on a professional article by Professor Hana Kubesova. The...
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Nutrition and supplementation in fitness and bodybuilding
Havlová, Ivona ; Kimmer, David (advisor) ; Šimková, Simona (referee)
Nutrition and Supplementation in Fitness and Bodybuilding Abstract The topic of this master's thesis is "Nutrition and Supplementation in Fitness and Bodybuilding". Physical fitness is getting more and more popular and becoming a global industry. Young people tend to prefer gyms to other types of physical activities. The advantage of fitness workouts is that there is no age limit, provided the person is healthy, as evidenced by exercising individuals who are 15 years old but also senior citizens over the age of 65. The empirical part of the paper was conducted using a qualitative method, gathering respondents through snowball sampling where participants identify others. As many as 28 respondents were divided into two groups: people doing conditioning and bodybuilding whose characteristics are explained in the Operationalisation chapter. All respondents did a semi-structured interview and provided a three-day diet plan. The goal was to map eating habits and the most common diet plans of people doing conditioning and bodybuilding, and to discover supplements they use the most frequently. The practical part of the thesis focused on the most frequent diet plans and supplements in fitness practitioners. The research findings indicate that the most common diet is high in protein and carbohydrates and low in fat,...
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Nutrition and diet therapy in the Renaissance period
Paroha, Josef ; Alušík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Divišová, Bohdana (referee)
The aim of this interdisciplinary theoretical master's thesis is to investigate what the inhabitants of the territory of today's Czech Republic consumed during the Renaissance period (14th-16th century) and what form therapeutic diets had during this era. To achieve this goal, I have used the method of historical data analysis. Valid data was obtained from the period literary sources with medical or dietary themes written from the beginning of the 14th century to the end of the 16th century in the territory of today's Czech Republic and from the modern secondary academic literature, especially from the fields of history, archaeology and physical anthropology. The obtained data was used to reconstruct the form of the dietary habits and therapeutic diets during the Renaissance period and the evaluation of its impact on the state of health of the then population in our state territory. On the basis of the study of the sources and the secondary literature, I found out how people in the territory of the Czech Republic ate during the Renaissance period. There was surprisingly enough food and a quite wide spectrum of available foodstuff in the period in question on this territory. This finding is confirmed by anthropometric measuring, medical reports, and other surviving texts. Complex therapeutic diets...
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